Mawu Oyamba
Mtsempha wamagazi (IV) cannula cathetersndi zofunikazida zamankhwalaamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana azachipatala popereka madzi, mankhwala, ndi zinthu zamagazi mwachindunji m'magazi a wodwala. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kupereka chidziwitso chakuyaIV cannula catheters, kuphatikizapo ntchito zawo, kukula kwake, mitundu, ndi zina zofunika.
Ntchito ya IV Cannula Catheter
Katheta ya IV cannula ndi chubu chopyapyala, chosinthika chomwe chimalowetsedwa mumtsempha wa wodwala, chomwe chimathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino. Ntchito yayikulu ya IV cannula catheter ndikupereka madzi ofunikira, ma electrolyte, mankhwala, kapena zakudya kwa wodwalayo, kuonetsetsa kuti mayamwidwe mwachangu komanso moyenera m'magazi. Njira yoyendetsera iyi imapereka njira zolunjika komanso zodalirika zosungira madzimadzi, m'malo mwa kuchuluka kwa magazi otayika, komanso kupereka mankhwala osamva nthawi.
Kukula kwa IV Cannula Catheters
Ma catheter a IV cannula amapezeka mosiyanasiyana, omwe amadziwika ndi nambala ya geji. Kuyeza kumayimira kukula kwa singano ya catheter; nambala ya geji yocheperako, m'mimba mwake imakhala yokulirapo. Miyeso yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa IV cannula catheters ndi:
1. 14 ku 24 Gauge: Ma cannulas akuluakulu (14G) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kulowetsedwa mofulumira kwa madzi kapena mankhwala a magazi, pamene kukula kwazing'ono (24G) kuli koyenera kupereka mankhwala ndi zothetsera zomwe sizikufuna kuthamanga kwapamwamba.
2. 18 mpaka 20 Gauge: Awa ndi makulidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zipatala zambiri, kupereka chithandizo kwa odwala ambiri ndi zochitika zachipatala.
3. 22 Gauge: Amaganiziridwa kuti ndi abwino kwa odwala ndi odwala odwala kapena omwe ali ndi mitsempha yosalimba, chifukwa amayambitsa kusokonezeka pang'ono poikapo.
4. 26 Gauge (kapena apamwamba): Makanula owonda kwambiri amenewa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zapadera, monga kupereka mankhwala enaake kapena odwala omwe ali ndi mitsempha yolimba kwambiri.
Mitundu ya IV Cannula Catheters
1. Peripheral IV Cannula: Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri, wolowetsedwa mumtsempha wozungulira, makamaka m'manja kapena m'manja. Amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo ndi oyenera odwala omwe amafunikira mwayi wopezeka pafupipafupi kapena wapakati.
2. Central Venous Catheter (CVC): Ma catheterwa amaikidwa m'mitsempha ikuluikulu yapakati, monga mitsempha yapamwamba kapena mitsempha yamkati ya jugular. Ma CVC amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kwanthawi yayitali, kuyesa magazi pafupipafupi, komanso kupereka mankhwala owopsa.
3. Midline Catheter: Njira yapakatikati pakati pa ma catheter otumphukira ndi apakati, ma catheter apakati amalowetsedwa kumtunda kwa mkono ndikudutsa mumtsempha, nthawi zambiri amathera kuzungulira dera la axillary. Ndioyenera kwa odwala omwe amafunikira chithandizo chanthawi yayitali koma safuna kupeza mitsempha yayikulu yapakati.
4. Catheter Yapakati Yolowetsedwa Mozungulira (PICC): Katheta yayitali yomwe imalowetsedwa kudzera mumtsempha wapakatikati (kawirikawiri m'manja) ndikupita patsogolo mpaka nsonga ikakhala mumtsempha waukulu wapakati. Ma PICC nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe amafunikira chithandizo chotalikirapo m'mitsempha kapena kwa omwe ali ndi mwayi wocheperako wamtsempha.
Njira Yoyikira
Kuyika kwa IV cannula catheter kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino kuti achepetse zovuta ndikuwonetsetsa kuyika koyenera. Ndondomekoyi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi izi:
1. Kuwunika kwa Odwala: Wothandizira zaumoyo amayesa mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo, momwe mitsempha ya mitsempha, ndi zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingakhudze kuyikapo.
2. Kusankha Malo: Malo oyenerera a mitsempha ndi kuikapo amasankhidwa malinga ndi momwe wodwalayo alili, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi kupezeka kwa mitsempha.
3. Kukonzekera: Malo osankhidwa amatsukidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo wothandizira zaumoyo amavala magolovesi osabala.
4. Kulowetsa: Kachidutswa kakang’ono kamapangidwa pakhungu, ndipo catheter imalowetsedwa mosamalitsa kupyolera m’mitsemphayo.
5. Chitetezo: Pamene catheter ilipo, imatetezedwa pakhungu pogwiritsa ntchito zomatira kapena zipangizo zotetezera.
6. Kupukuta ndi Kupukuta: Catheter imatsukidwa ndi saline kapena heparinized solution kuti iwonetsetse kuti patency ndi kupewa kupangika kwa magazi.
7. Chisamaliro cham'mbuyo: Malowa amayang'aniridwa ngati pali zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda kapena zovuta, ndipo kuvala kwa catheter kumasinthidwa ngati pakufunika.
Mavuto ndi Kusamala
Ngakhale ma catheter a IV cannula nthawi zambiri amakhala otetezeka, pali zovuta zomwe akatswiri azachipatala ayenera kuyang'ana, kuphatikiza:
1. Kulowetsedwa: Kutuluka kwamadzi kapena mankhwala m'magulu ozungulira m'malo mwa mtsempha, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa, kupweteka, ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu.
2. Phlebitis: Kutupa kwa mtsempha, kumayambitsa kupweteka, kufiira, ndi kutupa m'mphepete mwa mtsempha.
3. Kutenga kachilomboka: Ngati njira zoyenera za aseptic sizitsatiridwa panthawi yoika kapena chisamaliro, malo a catheter amatha kutenga kachilomboka.
4. Kutsekeka: Catheter imatha kutsekeka chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa magazi kapena kutulutsa kosayenera.
Kuti achepetse zovuta, opereka chithandizo chamankhwala amatsatira ndondomeko zokhwima zoyika catheter, chisamaliro cha malo, ndi kukonza. Odwala akulimbikitsidwa kuti afotokoze mwamsanga zizindikiro zilizonse zosasangalatsa, zowawa, kapena zofiira pa malo oyikapo kuti atsimikizire kuti athandizidwe panthawi yake.
Mapeto
Ma catheter a IV cannula amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazaumoyo wamakono, kulola kuti madzi ndi mankhwala azipereka moyenera komanso moyenera m'magazi a wodwala. Ndi kukula kwake ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ilipo, ma catheterwa amatha kusintha malinga ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana zachipatala, kuchokera kufupipafupi kwa nthawi yayitali kupita kumankhwala anthawi yayitali okhala ndi mizere yapakati. Potsatira njira zabwino kwambiri pakuyika ndi kukonza, akatswiri azachipatala amatha kuwongolera zotsatira za odwala ndikuchepetsa zovuta zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito catheter ya IV, kuwonetsetsa kuti odwala awo ali ndi chithandizo chotetezeka komanso chothandiza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-31-2023