Mu mankhwala amakono, makamaka mukayendetsedwe ka ndege ndiopaleshoni, ndiEndotracheal chubu (ETT)imagwira ntchito yopulumutsa moyo. Bukuli likufotokoza zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza machubu a endotracheal-kuchokera ku cholinga chawo ndi kapangidwe kawo mpaka mitundu yawo komanso njira ya intubation.
Kodi Endotracheal Tube ndi chiyani?
An endotracheal chubundi wosinthikachipangizo chachipatalakulowetsedwa mu trachea (mphepo yamkuntho) kuti mukhale ndi njira yotseguka, makamaka panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena chithandizo chadzidzidzi. Amalola kutulutsa mwachindunji kwa okosijeni, mpweya wochititsa mantha, ndi mankhwala ena m'mapapo.
Chifukwa Chiyani Timagwiritsira Ntchito?Endotracheal Tubes?
Ma ETT ndi ofunikira pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala, monga:
Kutsekeka kwa mpweya (chinthu chogwidwa mumsewu, kutsekereza kutuluka kwa mpweya).
Kumangidwa kwa mtima (kutayika kwadzidzidzi kwa ntchito ya mtima).
Khosi lanu, mimba kapena chifuwa chanu chimavulazidwa kapena kuvulala, zomwe zimakhudza njira ya mpweya.
Pamene munthuyo satha kupuma mwangozi pamene wakomoka kapena akudwala kwambiri.
Kupanga opareshoni yomwe ingakupangitseni kuti muzilephera kupuma nokha.
Kulephera kupuma kwakanthawi.
Kuopsa kwa chikhumbo.
Zigawo za Endotracheal Tube
Zigawo zazikulu za chubu endotracheal ndi:
- Thupi thupi: Wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena mphira, wolowetsedwa mu trachea
- Kufu: Wofukizidwa kuti atseke njira yodutsamo ndikuletsa kulakalaka
- Woyendetsa baluni: Imawonetsa kuthamanga kwa makapu
- 15mm cholumikizira chapadziko lonse lapansi: Imalumikizana ndi ma ventilator kapena matumba amanja
- Murphy diso: Imawonetsetsa kuyenda kwa mpweya ngakhale nsonga itatsekedwa
Mitundu ya Endotracheal Tubes
Ma ETT amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa za odwala komanso maopaleshoni:
- Machubu otsekedwa kapena osadulidwa
- M'kamwa kapena m'mphuno machubu
- Machubu opangidwa kale (RAE).
- Analimbitsa machubu
- Machubu awiri a lumen(DLTs) zodzipatula m'mapapo
Kusiyana Pakati pa Intubation ndi Endotracheal Tube
Ambiri amasokoneza mawuwa, koma amatanthauza zinthu zosiyanasiyana:
- Intubation: Ndi njira yachipatala yomwe chubu chimayikidwa mumtsinje wamphepo (trachea) kudzera mkamwa kapena mphuno.Nthawi zambiri zadzidzidzi, zimayikidwa pakamwa.
- Endotracheal chubu: Chipangizo chakuthupi chomwe chimayikidwa pa intubation
Momwe Mungapitirire ndi Intubation (Pamapapo ndi Pagawo)
Njira ya intubation imaphatikizapo izi:
- Konzani zida zonse zofunika
- Preoxygenate wodwalayo
- Perekani ma sedatives ndi otsitsimula minofu
- Onani m'maganizo zingwe za mawu pogwiritsa ntchito laryngoscope
- Ikani chubu cha endotracheal mu trachea
- Thirani khafu kuti mutseke njira yolowera mpweya
- Tsimikizirani kuyika kudzera pazithunzithunzi ndi auscultation
- Tetezani chubu ndikuwunika
Ubwino wa Endotracheal Tubes
Imatha kusunga njira yodutsa mpweya, kotero kuti madotolo amatha kupereka mpweya, mankhwala, kapena opaleshoni kwa odwala omwe akudwala kwambiri kapena osadziwa.
Thandizani kupuma mu matenda ena, monga chibayo, emphysema, kulephera kwa mtima, kugwa kwa mapapu ndi zina zotero.
Thandizani kuchotsa zotchinga panjira ya mpweya.
Pezani malingaliro abwino a njira yapamtunda ya woperekera chithandizo.
Tetezani mapapu a anthu ena omwe sangathe kuteteza njira yawo ya mpweya ndipo ali pachiopsezo chopuma madzimadzi (aspiration).
Chifukwa Chiyani Musankhe Machubu Otayidwa A Endotracheal?
Ma ETTs otayikaperekani chitetezo chokwanira komanso kumasuka:
- Kuwongolera matenda opatsirana
- Chotsani kuyeretsa kapena kutsekereza zosowa
- Zotsika mtengo komanso zopulumutsa nthawi
- Imapezeka m'masaizi angapo kuti ikhale yokwanira bwino
Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zosankhira ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito
Sankhani ETT yoyenera kutengera:
- Msinkhu wa wodwala ndi mawonekedwe a airway
- Ndondomeko yokonzekera ndi nthawi
- Kugwirizana kwazinthu (MRI-yotetezedwa, latex-free, etc.)
Nthawi zonse tsimikizirani kuyika koyenera ndi zithunzi ndi zizindikiro zachipatala kuti mupewe zovuta.
Mapeto
Theendotracheal chubundi chida chofunikira kwambiri mu anesthesia ndi chisamaliro chadzidzidzi. Kudziwa kusankha mtundu woyenera, kuchita intubation mosamala, ndi kuyang'anira kagwiritsidwe ntchito kumatsimikizira zotsatira zabwino za odwala komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwanjira yapaulendo. Pitilizani kuchita bwino kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino chida chofunikira chachipatalachi.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQ)
Kodi cholinga cha endotracheal chubu ndi chiyani?
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga njira yotseguka yodutsa mpweya ndikulola mpweya wabwino wamakina kapena kutumiza kwa anesthesia.
Kodi chubu cha endotracheal chimasiyana bwanji ndi intubation?
The endotracheal chubu ndi chipangizo, pamene intubation ndi ntchito yolowetsa chubu mu trachea.
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machubu a endotracheal?
Inde, kuphatikiza machubu okhala ndi ma cuffed, osadulidwa, amkamwa, amphuno, osamva laser, komanso machubu a lumen awiri.
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito ma ETTs otayika kuli bwino?
Ma ETT otayidwa amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndikuchotsa njira zoyeretsera, kuwapangitsa kukhala otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-24-2023